2025國際基礎科學大會（ICBS 2025）將于7月13日至25日在北京舉行，主題為“聚焦基礎科學，引領人類未來”。7月13日大會開幕暨頒獎典禮后，400余位國際頂尖科學家將與近千名海內外優秀學者、青年學子共聚北京雁棲湖應用數學研究院，展開為期兩周的深度學術交流，共探基礎科學最前沿。

6位2025基礎科學終身成就獎得主——諾貝爾獎得主丁肇中（Samuel Chao Chung Ting）、朱棣文（Steven Chu）、戴維·喬納森·格羅斯（David Jonathan Gross）,圖靈獎得主羅伯特·恩德雷·塔揚（Robert Endre Tarjan）、菲爾茲獎得主森重文（Shigefumi Mori）以及沃爾夫獎得主喬治·盧斯蒂格（George Lusztig）將在大會期間帶來精彩的基礎科學報告，其中7月14日（星期一）3場，7月15日（星期二）3場。

國際基礎科學大會始于2023年，由丘成桐院士擔任大會主席，是國際基礎科學領域的頂級學術盛會，重點圍繞數學、物理、信息科學與工程三大基礎科學領域展開學術研討和交流。

本次大會上，享譽世界的科學家——6位基礎科學終身成就獎得主、4位菲爾茲獎得主、3位諾貝爾獎得主、1位圖靈獎得主，多位邵逸夫獎、沃爾夫獎、狄拉克獎、基礎科學突破獎得主，多國數學會主席，以及數十位中外院士將出席盛會并發表高水平學術報告。

“返樸”作為本次大會合作媒體，將對大會多場高質量學術報告同步直播。由于許多報告同時進行，且場次甚多，難以一一盡播，播出日程也可能視需求改變，歡迎廣大朋友關注返樸微信訂閱號和返樸微信視頻號，留意相關通知，不錯過這場頂級學術盛會。

Basic Science Lecture

基礎科學報告

8:30 am - 11:50 am

Monday

2025/07/14

時間：

7月14日 上午8:30-9:30

地點：

BIMSA-A2 報告廳

題目：

Quantum Field Theory: Past, Present, and Future

摘要：

I shall review the development of Quantum Field Theory from the early days of Quantum Mechanics, through the present and speculate on developments in the future.

時間：

7月14日 上午9:40-10:40

地點：

BIMSA-A2 報告廳

題目：

The November Revolution and Fifty Years of Electron and Positron Physics

摘要：

The discovery of the J particle by the MIT group in November 1974 transformed our understanding of particle physics. This breakthrough is widely known as the “November Revolution” in the field. In this lecture, I will present the evolution of experimental methods and instrumentation for electron-positron experiments at DESY, which culminated in the J particle experiment at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The goal of the experiment was to search for massive photons (vector mesons) beyond the three traditionally known ones with masses around 1 GeV. This required an exceptional signal-to-background rejection ratio of one in ten billion. I will also discuss follow-up high-energy experiments involving electrons and positrons, both terrestrial and space-based, conducted to test the electroweak theory and to explore the nature of dark matter and antimatter.

時間：

7月14日 上午10:50-11:50

地點：

BIMSA-A2 報告廳

題目：

Selected Topics in my Random Walk in Science

摘要：

One of the most important choices facing scientists is how to decide what areas to study and what problems to work on. Edwin Land, the inventor of inexpensive plastic polarizers and the Polaroid instant photography camera, said he only undertook projects that were “manifestly important and nearly impossible.” My Ph.D. mentor urged me to only work on the most fundamental problems in physics. My view of science and my own scientific trajectory took many turns, beginning with my graduate student days at the University of California, Berkeley, and then Bell Laboratories, Stanford, Lawerence Berkeley National Lab, the Department of Energy, and my return to Stanford. This talk will discuss my science journey and the factors that shape what I choose to work on.

Basic Science Lecture

基礎科學報告

8:30 am - 11:50 am

Tuesday

2025/07/15

時間：

7月15日 上午8:30-9:30

地點：

BIMSA-A2 報告廳

題目：

From the Hartshorne Conjecture to the Minimal Model Program

摘要：

I am grateful to the ICBS for awarding the Basic Science Lifetime Award to me. On this occasion, I would like to explain how I contributed to the birational algebraic geometry, especially during the period from the 2-dimensional Minimal Model Program (MMP) and the Hartshorne Conjecture during the 1970s to the 3-dimensional MMP during the 1980s. The Hartshorne Conjecture (1970) or its differential geometric counterpart, the Frankel Conjecture (1961), is a special problem to characterize algebraic varieties which are positively curved in the strongest sense in Differential Geometry. The MMP, in contrast, is a general problem to birationally transform an algebraic variety into one with a certain simpler structure, which was not considered possible in dimension 3 or higher in the 1970s. After a partial result in the 3-dimensional case with H. Sumihiro in 1978, I solved the general case of the Hartshorne Conjecture by a method now called the Bend-and-Break in 1979, while the Frankel Conjecture was also solved by Y.T. Siu and S.T. Yau around the same time. My solution drew my attention to a certain weaker notion of being positively / negatively curved, since it did not use the full curvature assumption. In terms of this measure of positive/negative curvature, I could show in 1982 that an algebraic variety X is usually "non-positively curved" and if otherwise, there is a clear geometric reason, that is, the theory of extremal rays. In the former case X is called a minimal model, while in the latter it suggested that there might exist some conjectural procedure called the MMP to transform X into a minimal model or a variety with a Fano fibering. The MMP was soon formulated and developed by several people including M. Reid, Y. Kawamata, V. Shokurov, and J. Kollár on the basis of extremal rays and the notion of terminal/canonical singularities introduced by Reid. As for myself, I became attracted to a birational map called a flip and devoted myself to its computations around 1981 - 1987, which eventually resulted in the proof of the existence of flips in 1988. These altogether established the MMP for 3-dimensional varieties with terminal singularities. Later the MMP was vastly developed by C. Birkar, P. Cascini, C. Hacon, J. McKernan, and others. However these are beyond the scope of my presentation. Instead, I would like to touch if time permits on my joint work with Y. Prokhorov on our ongoing project to understand the 3-dimensional extremal contractions as explicitly as the surface case.

時間：

7月15日 上午9:40-10:40

地點：

BIMSA-A2 報告廳

題目：

Canonical Bases in Lie Theory and Total Positivity

摘要：

Several objects in Lie theory (such as irreducible representations of simple Lie algebras) admit canonical bases with remarkable properties. We will try to explain this as well as the connection with the theory of total positivity in reductive Lie groups.

時間：

7月15日 上午10:50-11:50

地點：

BIMSA-A2 報告廳

題目：

My Life with Data Structures

摘要：

This talk will be a historical survey of the speaker's work on the design and analysis of efficient algorithms and data structures. The talk will examine both general approaches, including the related concepts of amortization, self-adjustment, and competitiveness, and specific data structures, including compressed trees, splay trees, and efficient heaps.

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