編者按：2025年6月4日至5日，第7屆莫斯科學(xué)術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇在俄羅斯首都莫斯科召開。在4日上午的開幕式，俄羅斯科學(xué)院院長吉納迪·克拉斯尼科夫做開場(chǎng)致辭，俄羅斯自由經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)會(huì)主席謝爾蓋·博德羅諾夫主持。中國人民大學(xué)重陽金融研究院院長、全球領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力學(xué)院院長王文受邀作為開幕式第三位嘉賓，做了主題為《智能時(shí)代的中俄合作與未來》的英文演講，獲得現(xiàn)場(chǎng)廣泛認(rèn)可。人大重陽君向您推薦這篇演講，將全文的中文翻譯及英文原文發(fā)布如下：（全文約5000字，預(yù)計(jì)閱讀時(shí)間15分鐘）

感謝邀請(qǐng)，再次來到這么重要的論壇，向各位分享智能科技背景下的中俄合作與未來。

正如大家所知道的，21世紀(jì)第三個(gè)十年，全球加速邁入以AI、大數(shù)據(jù)、自動(dòng)化為代表的智能科技時(shí)代。中國的快速崛起和技術(shù)突破，正在打破長期以來西方尤其是美國在高新技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的壟斷格局，為世界特別是非西方國家打開了通往科技獨(dú)立和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的新路徑。

對(duì)于俄羅斯而言，中國崛起帶來的不是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力，而是前所未有的發(fā)展機(jī)遇和中俄合作新空間。

所以，我今天想講述的核心觀點(diǎn)是，中俄命運(yùn)共同體不僅是政治口號(hào)，更具有科技實(shí)踐的路徑，支持中國崛起將為俄羅斯帶來科技突破與國家復(fù)興的重要保障。我要在此呼吁俄羅斯學(xué)者、政府與企業(yè)抓住中俄合作黃金窗口，共同塑造科技不被西方控制的未來。

請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我用15分鐘時(shí)間深度闡述。

01

全球科技競(jìng)爭(zhēng)格局發(fā)展正在發(fā)生一場(chǎng)宏觀演變——從西方主導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)向多極化趨勢(shì)，這無疑是中俄面臨的重大歷史機(jī)遇。

近十年來，全球僅AI領(lǐng)域的基礎(chǔ)投資從2014年的80億美元增長至2024年的1100億美元。2023年，中國用于量子技術(shù)的全球公共投資達(dá)到153億美元，位居全球第一；2024年，全球研發(fā)投入50強(qiáng)企業(yè)中，中國已有5家上榜，逐漸開始打破美國主導(dǎo)的基本格局。

從全球范圍內(nèi)，各種區(qū)域性科技聯(lián)盟正在加速形成：金磚國家、東盟等非西方陣營通過聯(lián)合研發(fā)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)共建強(qiáng)化自主創(chuàng)新生態(tài)，構(gòu)建了更加公平開放的國際科技治理體系，推動(dòng)全球科技秩序向多極化發(fā)展。

近20年來，金磚國家學(xué)者合著發(fā)文量持續(xù)增長，目前年均突破15000篇，已成為全球科技創(chuàng)新的新興中堅(jiān)力量。

與此同時(shí)，西方國家內(nèi)部技術(shù)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加劇分化，美歐在數(shù)字稅、半導(dǎo)體出口管制等議題上的政策摩擦削弱協(xié)調(diào)性，而中國智能科技的快速崛起，給全球智能發(fā)展格局帶來結(jié)構(gòu)性改變，推動(dòng)其進(jìn)一步去西方化、去美國化。

我相信，通過深化協(xié)作，中俄有望引領(lǐng)非西方國家在智能科技領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)自主創(chuàng)新與可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

02

崛起中的中國是當(dāng)前全球去西方化、去美國化、科技多元化的穩(wěn)定器，是減少對(duì)西方產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)和科技平臺(tái)依賴的旗手。

中國通過推動(dòng)自主創(chuàng)新和建設(shè)開放包容的技術(shù)生態(tài)體系，正引領(lǐng)全球科技格局向更加公平、多極化方向發(fā)展。

中國制造2025在多個(gè)領(lǐng)域顯著減少對(duì)外依賴，通過技術(shù)輸出和區(qū)域合作推動(dòng)全球科技多極化，中國空間站（天宮）、量子計(jì)算機(jī)（祖沖之系列）、深海能源平臺(tái)（深海一號(hào)）等，是全球去西方化的領(lǐng)先者。

具體來看，中國在軌道交通、電力設(shè)備、農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備等領(lǐng)域?qū)崿F(xiàn)了較強(qiáng)的自主性，充分減少進(jìn)口和出口依賴，具備技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力；

在海洋工程設(shè)備、信息技術(shù)、數(shù)控機(jī)床、新能源汽車方面具有一定的全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；

而在新材料和生物醫(yī)藥等部分領(lǐng)域，雖然仍有一定的外資和進(jìn)口依賴性，但仍具有一定的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新潛力。

中國龐大的工程師群體和創(chuàng)新生態(tài)成為去西方化的核心動(dòng)力，中國擁有近2000萬工程師，有效發(fā)明專利數(shù)量突破400萬。

2024年，中國培養(yǎng)工程師（STEM）畢業(yè)生數(shù)量約470萬，位居全球第一；華為、大疆等企業(yè)通過自主創(chuàng)新抵御制裁，并在5G、AI等領(lǐng)域引領(lǐng)全球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在去西方化科技發(fā)展上的突破，為俄羅斯提供了寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)和可借鑒的路徑。

對(duì)非西方國家而言，中國是能完全替代西方國家的新發(fā)展伙伴，中國市場(chǎng)規(guī)模對(duì)俄羅斯資源、能源和技術(shù)出口具備重要的地緣政治價(jià)值和戰(zhàn)略意義，中俄高技術(shù)合作可以拉動(dòng)俄羅斯制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型。

中俄可以成為全球治理的共鳴者，共同反對(duì)單邊主義，推動(dòng)公平、包容、普惠的發(fā)展秩序，聯(lián)合反制科技霸權(quán)與經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁。

03

面對(duì)西方主導(dǎo)的技術(shù)壟斷與制度壁壘，中俄兩國作為新興大國，正面臨前所未有的共同挑戰(zhàn)與合作機(jī)遇。

2022年至2024年，主要國家對(duì)俄制裁與限制措施累計(jì)高達(dá)15628項(xiàng)，美國高達(dá)3500項(xiàng)，倒逼俄羅斯提升產(chǎn)業(yè)自主性、獨(dú)立性和可控性。俄羅斯在半導(dǎo)體、軟件開發(fā)和數(shù)字基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等領(lǐng)域加快國產(chǎn)替代進(jìn)程，設(shè)立多個(gè)工業(yè)能力中心和系統(tǒng)性軟件開發(fā)中心，推動(dòng)關(guān)鍵軟件和工業(yè)解決方案的本土化。

在全球科技格局重塑的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，中俄攜手，將為構(gòu)建更加多極、公正的技術(shù)秩序注入強(qiáng)勁動(dòng)力。

在理論基礎(chǔ)層面，中國在數(shù)字化轉(zhuǎn)型和智能科技應(yīng)用方面持續(xù)突破，俄羅斯在基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)與關(guān)鍵算法領(lǐng)域擁有深厚積淀，雙方在科技結(jié)構(gòu)上的高度互補(bǔ)。

在產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同層面，中俄雙方在智能制造、AI算法、機(jī)器人、芯片設(shè)計(jì)等領(lǐng)域均在起步階段，都有戰(zhàn)略追趕的空間。

從市場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)化層面，中國具有應(yīng)用轉(zhuǎn)化與市場(chǎng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，數(shù)據(jù)規(guī)模、工程能力、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈完整度全球領(lǐng)先，快速產(chǎn)品化能力突出，包括芯片設(shè)計(jì)、智能制造、AI平臺(tái)等；中國用戶多、市場(chǎng)大、應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景廣，而俄羅斯自然資源豐富、技術(shù)積淀深厚。

兩國優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，為聯(lián)合攻關(guān)“卡脖子”技術(shù)、打造自主可控的科技體系提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。通過深化產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)作與技術(shù)對(duì)接，中俄有望在智能科技領(lǐng)域構(gòu)建面向未來的戰(zhàn)略創(chuàng)新共同體。

04

面對(duì)技術(shù)霸權(quán)和外部封鎖的現(xiàn)實(shí)壓力，中俄科技合作不僅是戰(zhàn)略選擇，更需注重落地與實(shí)效。在這方面，推動(dòng)合作機(jī)制化、項(xiàng)目化與平臺(tái)化，切實(shí)提升合作的深度與韌性，變得越來越重要。

為此，我有以下幾點(diǎn)建議：

一是中俄可牽頭構(gòu)建“發(fā)展中國家科技產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)盟”。

中俄兩國應(yīng)在AI芯片、操作系統(tǒng)、無人機(jī)、新能源等領(lǐng)域構(gòu)建聯(lián)合研發(fā)與產(chǎn)業(yè)合作全球性框架，推動(dòng)形成以新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體為主導(dǎo)的全球技術(shù)治理新秩序，提升發(fā)展中國家在前沿科技領(lǐng)域的話語權(quán)與自主創(chuàng)新能力。

二是中俄應(yīng)合作在AI倫理、智能制造等領(lǐng)域聯(lián)合制定去美國化的技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系，助力構(gòu)建開放、公正、包容的全球科技規(guī)范秩序，增強(qiáng)全球南方國家在關(guān)鍵技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的制度性影響力與戰(zhàn)略自主權(quán)。

當(dāng)前全球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系主要由EN（歐洲標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）、IEC（國際電工委員會(huì)）、ISO（國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織）、ITU（國際電信聯(lián)盟）等歐美國家主導(dǎo)，中俄應(yīng)積極構(gòu)建以新興市場(chǎng)需求為導(dǎo)向的替代性規(guī)則體系。通過共建標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究機(jī)構(gòu)與技術(shù)認(rèn)證平臺(tái)，提升在人工智能、數(shù)字安全、智能制造等前沿領(lǐng)域的話語權(quán)與主導(dǎo)力。

三是中俄應(yīng)建立中俄智能科技聯(lián)合智庫對(duì)話平臺(tái)，推動(dòng)形成具有全球影響力的非西方科技思想體系。

兩國應(yīng)聚焦AI算法、量子計(jì)算、類腦智能等前沿領(lǐng)域，同時(shí)，應(yīng)推動(dòng)高校、科研機(jī)構(gòu)與企業(yè)間的協(xié)同創(chuàng)新機(jī)制，構(gòu)建跨國聯(lián)合實(shí)驗(yàn)室和技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)化中心，加快基礎(chǔ)研究成果向產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)用的轉(zhuǎn)化。通過定期舉行中俄科技高層論壇和青年科技交流活動(dòng)，夯實(shí)合作根基，培育面向未來的戰(zhàn)略科技伙伴關(guān)系。

四是中俄高校與研究機(jī)構(gòu)應(yīng)建立理論+實(shí)踐人才聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)機(jī)制。

中俄應(yīng)設(shè)立科技互訪計(jì)劃，支持俄青年科學(xué)家赴華拓展技術(shù)市場(chǎng)，支持中國學(xué)者赴俄理論深造。同時(shí)，在金磚國家、上合組織、“一帶一路”、全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議下進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展中俄科技影響力，共同推動(dòng)構(gòu)建包容、開放、公正的國際科技合作網(wǎng)絡(luò)，為“全球南方”國家提供更多技術(shù)共享與能力建設(shè)的公共產(chǎn)品。中俄還應(yīng)聯(lián)合推動(dòng)區(qū)域科技項(xiàng)目落地，打造多邊合作試點(diǎn)工程，提升非西方世界在全球科技治理中的制度性力量。

總之，我最后想表達(dá)的是，當(dāng)今中俄兩國在應(yīng)對(duì)西方科技遏制和制度性打壓方面面臨許多共同挑戰(zhàn)，客觀上形成了科技戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作的必要性與互補(bǔ)性。

中俄攜手，既可以形成覆蓋從基礎(chǔ)科研到工程轉(zhuǎn)化的完整創(chuàng)新鏈條，又能共同構(gòu)建非西方國家主導(dǎo)的技術(shù)生態(tài)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系。

在這一模式下，中俄合作有助于增強(qiáng)雙方在智能科技領(lǐng)域的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，并進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)全球科技治理體系向更加公平、開放和多極化邁進(jìn)。

中國的科技進(jìn)步對(duì)全球不是新霸權(quán)，而是新機(jī)遇。中國的崛起是普惠式崛起，帶來的是中俄共贏的未來。

讓我們期待更美好的未來。

謝謝。

以下為英文演講原文：

China-Russian Cooperation in theAIEra

Wang Wen

Thank you for the invitation to come to such an important forum again to share with you the Sino-Russian cooperation and the future in the context of intelligent technology.

As everyone knows, in the third decade of the 21st century, the world is accelerating into the era of intelligent technology represented by AI, big data, and automation. China's rapid rise and technological breakthroughs are breaking the long-standing monopoly of the West, especially the United States, in the field of high-tech, and opening up a new path to technological independence and sustainable development for the world, especially non-Western countries.

For Russia, China's rise does not bring competitive pressure, but unprecedented development opportunities and new space for Sino-Russian cooperation.

So, the core point I want to talk about today is that the Sino-Russian community of shared destiny is not only a political slogan, but also a path for scientific and technological practice. Supporting China's rise will bring Russia an important guarantee for scientific and technological breakthroughs and national rejuvenation. I would like to call on Russian scholars, governments and enterprises to seize the golden window of Sino-Russian cooperation and jointly shape the future that technology is not controlled by the West.

Please allow me to use 15 minutes to elaborate in depth.

The development of the global science and technology competition landscape is undergoing a macro-evolution - from Western dominance to a multipolar trend, which is undoubtedly a major historical opportunity facing China and Russia.

In the past decade, the global basic investment in the field of AI alone has increased from US$8 billion in 2014 to US$110 billion in 2024. In 2023, China's global public investment in quantum technology will reach US$15.3 billion, ranking first in the world; in 2024, among the top 50 companies in the world in terms of R&D investment, 5 Chinese companies will be on the list, gradually breaking the basic pattern dominated by the United States.

Globally, various regional science and technology alliances are accelerating their formation: non-Western camps such as BRICS countries and ASEAN have strengthened their independent innovation ecology through joint R&D and standard co-construction, built a more fair and open international science and technology governance system, and promoted the development of the global science and technology order towards multipolarization.

In the past 20 years, the number of co-authored papers by scholars from BRICS countries has continued to grow, and currently exceeds 15,000 papers per year, becoming an emerging backbone force in global scientific and technological innovation.

At the same time, the technological competition within Western countries has intensified and polarized. The policy frictions between the United States and Europe on issues such as digital taxes and semiconductor export controls have weakened coordination. The rapid rise of China's intelligent technology has brought structural changes to the global intelligent development pattern, promoting its further de-Westernization and de-Americanization.

I believe that through deepening cooperation, China and Russia are expected to lead non-Western countries to achieve independent innovation and sustainable development in the field of intelligent technology.

(II)

The rising China is the stabilizer of the current global de-Westernization, de-Americanization, and technological diversification, and is the standard-bearer for reducing dependence on Western industrial technology and technology platforms.

By promoting independent innovation and building an open and inclusive technological ecosystem, China is leading the global technological landscape towards a more equitable and multipolar direction.

Made in China 2025 has significantly reduced external dependence in many fields, and promoted global technological multipolarization through technology exports and regional cooperation. China's space station (Tiangong), quantum computer (Zu Chongzhi series), deep-sea energy platform (Deep Sea One), etc., are global leaders in de-Westernization.

Specifically, China has achieved strong autonomy in rail transit, power equipment, agricultural equipment and other fields, fully reduced import and export dependence, and possessed technological leadership;

It has certain global competitiveness in marine engineering equipment, information technology, CNC machine tools, and new energy vehicles;

In some fields such as new materials and biomedicine, although there is still a certain degree of foreign investment and import dependence, it still has certain technological innovation potential.

China's huge group of engineers and innovation ecology have become the core driving force of de-Westernization. China has nearly 20 million engineers and the number of valid invention patents has exceeded 4 million.

In 2024, the number of engineers (STEM) graduates trained in China will be about 4.7 million, ranking first in the world; Huawei, DJI and other companies have resisted sanctions through independent innovation, and have led global standards in 5G, AI and other fields. The breakthroughs in the development of de-Westernized science and technology have provided Russia with valuable experience and reference paths.

For non-Western countries, China is a new development partner that can completely replace Western countries. The scale of the Chinese market has important geopolitical value and strategic significance for Russia's resource, energy and technology exports. Sino-Russian high-tech cooperation can drive the transformation of Russia's manufacturing industry.

China and Russia can become resonators in global governance, jointly oppose unilateralism, promote a fair, inclusive and inclusive development order, and jointly counter technological hegemony and economic sanctions.

(III)

Faced with Western-dominated technological monopolies and institutional barriers, China and Russia, as emerging powers, are facing unprecedented common challenges and opportunities for cooperation.

From 2022 to 2024, the total number of sanctions and restrictions imposed on Russia by major countries reached 15,628, and the United States reached 3,500, forcing Russia to enhance its industrial autonomy, independence and controllability. Russia has accelerated the process of domestic substitution in the fields of semiconductors, software development and digital infrastructure, established multiple industrial capability centers and systematic software development centers, and promoted the localization of key software and industrial solutions.

At a critical time when the global technological landscape is being reshaped, China and Russia will work together to inject strong impetus into building a more multipolar and fair technological order.

At the theoretical foundation level, China has continued to make breakthroughs in digital transformation and intelligent technology applications, and Russia has a deep accumulation in basic science and key algorithms. The two sides are highly complementary in terms of technological structure.

At the level of industrial collaboration, China and Russia are both in the initial stage in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, AI algorithms, robots, chip design, etc., and both have room for strategic catch-up.

From the perspective of market transformation, China has application transformation and market advantages, and its data scale, engineering capabilities, and industrial chain integrity are leading the world, and its rapid productization capabilities are outstanding, including chip design, intelligent manufacturing, AI platforms, etc.; China has many users, a large market, and a wide range of application scenarios, while Russia is rich in natural resources and has a deep accumulation of technology.

The complementary advantages of the two countries provide a solid foundation for jointly tackling "stuck neck" technologies and building an independent and controllable scientific and technological system. By deepening industrial collaboration and technological docking, China and Russia are expected to build a strategic innovation community for the future in the field of intelligent technology.

(IV)

Faced with the realistic pressure of technological hegemony and external blockade, China-Russia scientific and technological cooperation is not only a strategic choice, but also needs to focus on implementation and effectiveness. In this regard, it is becoming increasingly important to promote the mechanism, project and platformization of cooperation, and effectively enhance the depth and resilience of cooperation.

To this end, I have the following suggestions:

First, China and Russia can take the lead in building a "Science and Technology Industry Alliance of Developing Countries".

China and Russia should build a global framework for joint R&D and industrial cooperation in the fields of AI chips, operating systems, drones, new energy, etc., promote the formation of a new global technology governance order dominated by emerging economies, and enhance the voice and independent innovation capabilities of developing countries in cutting-edge science and technology.

Second, China and Russia should cooperate to jointly formulate a de-Americanized technical standard system in the fields of AI ethics and intelligent manufacturing, help build an open, fair and inclusive global science and technology normative order, and enhance the institutional influence and strategic autonomy of the global South countries in the field of key technologies.

The current global standard system is mainly dominated by European and American countries such as EN (European Standards), IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), ISO (International Organization for Standardization), and ITU (International Telecommunication Union). China and Russia should actively build an alternative rule system guided by the needs of emerging markets. By jointly building standard research institutions and technical certification platforms, we can enhance our voice and dominance in cutting-edge fields such as artificial intelligence, digital security, and intelligent manufacturing.

Third, China and Russia should establish a China-Russia joint think tank dialogue platform for intelligent technology to promote the formation of a non-Western science and technology thought system with global influence.

The two countries should focus on cutting-edge fields such as AI algorithms, quantum computing, and brain-like intelligence. At the same time, they should promote collaborative innovation mechanisms between universities, research institutions, and enterprises, build transnational joint laboratories and technology transformation centers, and accelerate the transformation of basic research results into industrial applications. By regularly holding China-Russia high-level science and technology forums and youth science and technology exchange activities, we can consolidate the foundation of cooperation and cultivate a strategic science and technology partnership for the future.

Fourth, Chinese and Russian universities and research institutions should establish a joint training mechanism for theoretical + practical talents.

China and Russia should establish a science and technology exchange program to support young Russian scientists to go to China to expand the technology market and support Chinese scholars to go to Russia for theoretical studies. At the same time, under the BRICS, SCO, "Belt and Road", and Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, we should further expand the influence of China and Russia in science and technology, jointly promote the construction of an inclusive, open, and fair international science and technology cooperation network, and provide more public products for technology sharing and capacity building for the "global South" countries. China and Russia should also jointly promote the implementation of regional science and technology projects, create multilateral cooperation pilot projects, and enhance the institutional power of the non-Western world in global science and technology governance.

In short, what I want to express in the end is that China and Russia today face many common challenges in dealing with Western technological containment and institutional suppression, which objectively forms the necessity and complementarity of strategic cooperation in science and technology.

China and Russia can work together to form a complete innovation chain covering from basic scientific research to engineering transformation, and jointly build a technology ecosystem and standard system dominated by non-Western countries.

Under this model, China-Russia cooperation will help enhance the competitiveness of both sides in the field of intelligent technology, and further move the global science and technology governance system towards a more fair, open and multipolar world.

China's scientific and technological progress is not a new hegemony for the world, but a new opportunity. China's rise is an inclusive rise, which brings a win-win future for China and Russia.

Let us look forward to a better future.

Thank you.

歡迎

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中國人民大學(xué)重陽金融研究院（人大重陽）成立于2013年1月19日，是重陽投資向中國人民大學(xué)捐贈(zèng)并設(shè)立教育基金運(yùn)營的主要資助項(xiàng)目。

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