針灸、推拿、中草藥……這些傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)療法現(xiàn)在不僅能給人治病，還能給家里的“毛孩子”用上，而這種治療方式被稱為中獸醫(yī)學(xué)（traditional Chinese veterinary medicine, or TCVM）。

在四川省成都市一家寵物醫(yī)院工作的郭夢(mèng)旋就是一位中獸醫(yī)師。讓她印象最深刻的一個(gè)病例是一只叫“福寶”的癱瘓小貓。

在“福寶”的主人帶著它找到郭醫(yī)生之前，很多醫(yī)生已經(jīng)診斷“福寶”一輩子都站不起來(lái)了，大小便也需要人工輔助。

When Fubao's owner approached Guo Mengxuan, a veterinarian in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan province, to help treat her paralyzed tabby cat, she had already been told by several experts that her beloved furry feline friend would never walk again and would require lifelong assistance when relieving itself.

“當(dāng)時(shí)貓咪被診斷為嚴(yán)重脊髓損傷，已錯(cuò)過(guò)最佳手術(shù)期。”郭醫(yī)生說(shuō)。

"The cat had been diagnosed with a severe spinal cord injury and had missed the optimal window for surgery," said Guo.

郭醫(yī)生決定為它進(jìn)行針灸治療。在接受每周三次、持續(xù)三個(gè)月的針灸治療后，“福寶”逐漸恢復(fù)了站立行走能力，甚至有時(shí)候可以自己去排便、排尿。

Guo decided to treat Fubao with acupuncture. "For about three months, the cat received acupuncture three times a week," she said. "Gradually, it regained the ability to stand, walk and even partially control its bladder and bowel functions."

郭夢(mèng)旋在大學(xué)學(xué)的專業(yè)是動(dòng)物藥學(xué)，后來(lái)慢慢學(xué)習(xí)了中獸醫(yī)。“我最開(kāi)始從業(yè)時(shí)其實(shí)都沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)中獸醫(yī)，甚至都不知道有中獸醫(yī)，但現(xiàn)在，中獸醫(yī)正處于一個(gè)快速發(fā)展期。”她說(shuō)。

Guo, trained in both veterinary pharmaceuticals and TCVM, said: "When I first started my career, I had no exposure to TCVM — in fact, I didn't even know it existed. But now, I would say that TCVM is in a phase of rapid growth and development."

據(jù)悉，在郭醫(yī)生執(zhí)業(yè)的寵物醫(yī)院，每天接診的動(dòng)物數(shù)量在六七十例左右，有時(shí)候能達(dá)到一百例。雖然寵物患者還是以看西醫(yī)為主，但是看中獸醫(yī)的比例也能達(dá)到十分之一, 郭醫(yī)生最忙的時(shí)候一日接診了17個(gè)針灸病例。

The Loving Care International Pet Hospital, where Guo practices, treats about 60 to 70 pets per day, and sometimes as many as 100. About one-tenth of them visit the hospital's TCVM department and on her busiest day, Guo handled 17 acupuncture cases.

據(jù)郭醫(yī)生介紹，中獸醫(yī)的基本診斷方法也是通過(guò)望、聞、問(wèn)、切，例如檢查動(dòng)物的皮膚、毛發(fā)、舌苔、口氣 。“一些患腎臟疾病的狗狗到末期之后,呼出來(lái)的氣體是尿味的，說(shuō)明它可能是腎衰。”她舉例說(shuō)。

Guo said that TCVM consultations begin with observation — examining the pet's skin, fur, tongue and breath. "Pets with late-stage kidney disease often exhale a distinct urine-like odor, which is an indicator of kidney failure," she said.

“我們還會(huì)詢問(wèn)主人，綜合評(píng)估小動(dòng)物的吃喝拉撒和精神狀態(tài)等。切脈方面，其實(shí)貓狗都是有脈搏的，它們的股動(dòng)脈都是可以摸到的。”

"We also question owners about the pet's daily habits — appetite, water consumption, urinary and bowel patterns, and behavioral changes," she added. "Additionally, we can check the pulse of cats and dogs by palpating the femoral artery in their hind legs."

中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)院臨床獸醫(yī)學(xué)部中獸醫(yī)藥系副教授、中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物醫(yī)院門(mén)診部主任胡宇聲表示，由于獸醫(yī)臨床上沒(méi)有主訴，也就是小動(dòng)物不會(huì)主動(dòng)說(shuō)自己頭痛或肚子痛，因此中獸醫(yī)診斷經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累非常重要。

中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物醫(yī)院，胡宇聲醫(yī)生在對(duì)患貓進(jìn)行針灸治療

“我們通過(guò)一些診斷方式去看他氣血、經(jīng)絡(luò)、臟腑上面有什么問(wèn)題，然后給予相應(yīng)的治療。治療手段主要包括外治和內(nèi)治，外治法包括針灸、推拿按摩等；內(nèi)治法主要是以服用中藥為代表。”胡教授說(shuō)。

Hu Yusheng, a TCVM specialist at China Agricultural University, said common TCVM treatments involve acupuncture, herbal medicines, and massages.

近年來(lái)，中獸醫(yī)在治療癱瘓病癥方面展現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)，成為越來(lái)越多寵物主人的新選擇。

中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物醫(yī)院，藥劑師在配置中藥自擬方

“我做學(xué)生的時(shí)候，中獸醫(yī)就經(jīng)常治療癱瘓，但過(guò)去很多時(shí)候是因?yàn)橥鈧蚱渌驅(qū)е碌陌c瘓，現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了源于育種導(dǎo)致的先天發(fā)育異常而導(dǎo)致癱瘓。”他說(shuō)。

"TCVM has a long history of treating paralysis caused by trauma or external injuries. But these days, we are seeing an increasing number of paralysis cases related to congenital abnormalities caused by selective breeding," Hu said.

例如，腦袋扁扁、身材短胖的法國(guó)斗牛犬（俗稱法斗）因可愛(ài)的外形而廣受歡迎，但其脊柱發(fā)育異常的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)比較高。

“在過(guò)去，這種由于結(jié)構(gòu)異常導(dǎo)致的癱瘓通常大家認(rèn)為就是沒(méi)救了，但我們用中獸醫(yī)的理念，通過(guò)針灸、中藥等方法去改善氣血在經(jīng)絡(luò)里運(yùn)行的狀態(tài)、調(diào)節(jié)它的臟腑功能，就能幫助它重新恢復(fù)行走。”胡教授說(shuō)。

Take French bulldogs — well-beloved for their adorable appearance — as an example. "The breed is predisposed to intervertebral disc disease, which often leads to paralysis. Such cases might seem hopeless from a conventional veterinary perspective. But through TCVM, we can regulate Qi (a vital force of life), blood flow and organ function to help these animals recover mobility," he said.

中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物醫(yī)院，胡宇聲醫(yī)生在對(duì)患犬進(jìn)行穴位觸診

“這種病例治好了之后，我們會(huì)覺(jué)得非常有成就感，動(dòng)物主人也很驚訝。”他說(shuō)。

"We've successfully treated many such cases — with results that have satisfied us and surprised pet owners," he added.

胡教授指出，隨著生活水平、飲食條件和獸醫(yī)學(xué)發(fā)展，犬只壽命不斷延長(zhǎng)，中獸醫(yī)在提升老年寵物生活質(zhì)量方面有獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢(shì)。

“現(xiàn)在大家養(yǎng)寵物都養(yǎng)得很好，所以很多動(dòng)物能活到十幾歲或者二十幾歲。像我治過(guò)最老的小狗是 24歲。到了生命的最后，很多動(dòng)物主人希望讓它的寵物能盡可能保證生活質(zhì)量，我們就用針灸、中藥去改善它的一些功能。”胡教授說(shuō)。

"Nowadays, people take good care of their pets and many animals live into their teens or even 20s. The oldest dog I've treated was 24 years old," he said. “In their final days, many pet owners want to give their companions the best possible quality of life. We’ve handled many such cases, using acupuncture and herbal medicine to improve their body functions.

“比如說(shuō)像腫瘤病例，最后可能小動(dòng)物的心臟、腎臟的功能不允許它做手術(shù)和化療，那我們就調(diào)整它的氣血、經(jīng)絡(luò)，讓它實(shí)現(xiàn)帶瘤生存。”他說(shuō)。

"Take animal patients with cancer as an example. In advanced stages, their heart or kidney function may no longer tolerate surgery or chemotherapy. So, we look at how we can regulate their Qi and blood circulation, balance their meridians and help them live with cancer," he said.

胡教授認(rèn)為，中獸醫(yī)最具特色和最有價(jià)值的特點(diǎn)是它看待生命和疾病的方式。

Hu said that the most outstanding and valuable characteristic of traditional Chinese veterinary medicine is its philosophy toward life and disease.

“它是一種雙贏的、謀求動(dòng)物機(jī)體和環(huán)境和諧相處的看待生命和疾病的方式，而不是對(duì)抗、壓抑。”胡教授說(shuō)。

"It seeks harmony between the animal's body and its environment, and pursues a win-win solution rather than an approach of suppression and resistance," he said.

記者：王小予

實(shí)習(xí)生：田兆森

圖片均由中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物醫(yī)院提供

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