龍門石窟位于河南省洛陽市南郊的伊河兩岸，是中國規模宏大、藝術價值極高的石刻佛教藝術寶庫。它始鑿于北魏孝文帝時期，盛于唐代，歷經四百余年不斷開鑿，現存洞窟二千三百多個、佛像十萬余尊、碑刻題記三千多品。盧舍那大佛、奉先寺與二十品題刻被譽為石窟藝術巔峰，充分展示了古代雕刻技藝與中原佛教文化的融合。2000 年，龍門石窟被列入《世界遺產名錄》。近年來，依托三維掃描與數字復原技術，文保人員持續開展加固與修復工程，使這一“石刻史書”煥發新的生命力。

參考翻譯

The Longmen Grottoes, straddling both banks of the Yi River on the southern outskirts of Luoyang, Henan Province, constitute one of China’s largest and most artistically significant repositories of Buddhist rock carvings. Excavation began under Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei and flourished during the Tang dynasty, spanning more than four centuries. Today, over 2,300 caves, 100,000 Buddhist statues, and some 3,000 inscriptions remain. Masterpieces such as the Vairocana Buddha, Fengxian Temple, and the renowned Twenty Inscriptions exemplify the zenith of stone-carving skill and the synthesis of Buddhist art with Central Plains culture. Inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000, the grottoes have recently benefited from 3-D scanning and digital restoration projects, breathing new life into this “stone chronicle” of Chinese history.

重點詞匯

詞匯

詞性

釋義

例句

grotto

n.

石窟

Each grotto houses intricate Buddhist reliefs.

limestone cliff

n.

石灰巖崖壁

Statues are carved directly into the limestone cliff .

Buddhist statue

n.

佛像

The colossal Buddhist statue of Vairocana dominates the facade.

inscription

n.

題刻

Stone inscriptions record donors’ names and dates.

UNESCO World Heritage Site

n.

世界遺產地

It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000.

digital restoration

n.

數字復原

Digital restoration

recreates weathered details virtually.

preservation project

n.

保護工程

A long-term preservation project fortifies weakened caves.

重點句型

1. be carved into …
   佛像被雕刻在石灰巖崖壁上。
   The statues are carved into the limestone cliff.

2. date back to …
   石窟始鑿于北魏時期。
   The grottoes date back to the Northern Wei period.

3. be renowned for …
   它以精湛的石刻藝術聞名。
   They are renowned for their exquisite stone carvings.

4. bear witness to …
   題刻見證了佛教傳播與社會變遷。
   The inscriptions bear witness to the spread of Buddhism and social change.

5. combine … with …
   龍門石窟將宗教藝術與中原文化融合。
   The Longmen Grottoes combine religious art with Central Plains culture.

• 術語精確：采用 grotto, limestone cliff, inscription 等專業詞匯凸顯考古與藝術特色。

• 時間線索：用 date back to, spanning more than four centuries 梳理石窟開鑿的歷史跨度。

• 數字化保護：強調 digital restoration 與 preservation project，體現傳統文物在現代技術助力下的活化。

• 文化深度：通過 bear witness to 等表達突出龍門石窟在宗教傳播與社會史研究中的價值，增強譯文的學術分量。

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