提到干細(xì)胞捐獻(xiàn)，很多人腦海里會(huì)浮現(xiàn)出用針穿透皮膚和脊柱抽取骨髓的畫(huà)面。來(lái)自湖南省岳陽(yáng)市的大學(xué)生王俊濤當(dāng)初也這么想。

The grim image of a needle piercing skin and bones to draw out marrow is what comes to mind for many when they think of stem cell donation. Wang Juntao, a college student who voluntarily registered as a donor about four years ago, was no different.

2021年夏天，在湖南理工學(xué)院讀大四的王俊濤在位于校園的獻(xiàn)血車(chē)上獻(xiàn)過(guò)血后，成為中華骨髓庫(kù)登記志愿者，但當(dāng)時(shí)他對(duì)造血干細(xì)胞捐獻(xiàn)的了解還不是很多。今年2月，他接到了初步配型成功的電話(huà)，感到有些茫然和猶豫。

So when the 22-year-old received a call in February informing him he was a potential match for a blood disease patient, he was slightly confused.

全國(guó)第2萬(wàn)例造血干細(xì)胞捐獻(xiàn)者王俊濤 圖源：中華骨髓庫(kù)

“后來(lái)我在網(wǎng)上搜索了很多資料，并咨詢(xún)了當(dāng)?shù)丶t十字會(huì)的工作人員。我了解到捐獻(xiàn)造血干細(xì)胞實(shí)際上非常安全，只是會(huì)帶來(lái)一些暫時(shí)的不適。” 他說(shuō)。 “這意味著我可以通過(guò)一些努力拯救另一個(gè)人的生命，于是我決定成為一名捐獻(xiàn)者。”

"I checked information available online carefully and consulted with local Red Cross officials," he said. "I learned that stem cell donation is actually very safe and only involves some temporary discomfort. I can potentially save another person's life with some effort, so I decided to go ahead with the donation."

王俊濤于本月初完成造血干細(xì)胞采集，成為全國(guó)第2萬(wàn)例非親緣造血干細(xì)胞捐獻(xiàn)者。

Wang completed the harvesting procedure earlier this month and became the country's 20,000th unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donor.

5月5日，大學(xué)生王俊濤成功完成造血干細(xì)胞捐獻(xiàn) 圖源：岳陽(yáng)日?qǐng)?bào)

“整個(gè)過(guò)程非常順利，就像獻(xiàn)血一樣，沒(méi)什么痛苦，只是在打了動(dòng)員劑后的幾天，我感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)頭暈和發(fā)燒，但這些癥狀在捐獻(xiàn)后也很快消失了。” 他說(shuō)。

在本周舉行的一次主題宣傳活動(dòng)上，中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)黨組成員、副會(huì)長(zhǎng)王斌為王俊濤頒發(fā)了榮譽(yù)證書(shū)。

5月13日，中國(guó)紅十字會(huì)黨組成員、副會(huì)長(zhǎng)王斌為王俊濤頒發(fā)榮譽(yù)證書(shū) 圖源：中華骨髓庫(kù)

“這兩萬(wàn)名捐獻(xiàn)者來(lái)自不同的領(lǐng)域，有著不同的身份和經(jīng)歷，他們中有在校的00后大學(xué)生，有用愛(ài)守護(hù)生命的白衣天使，有忙碌而又熱情的快遞小哥，有永葆軍人本色的退役軍人，他們?yōu)槟吧怂腿フ滟F的生命禮物，成為社會(huì)責(zé)任和人間大愛(ài)的踐行者，成為人道、博愛(ài)、奉獻(xiàn)的無(wú)私精神的傳播者。” 她說(shuō)道。

"These donors come from different backgrounds, including college students born in the 2000s, medical workers, delivery couriers and veterans," said Wang Bin, vice-president of the Red Cross Society of China.

"They have given another human being a second chance at life and exemplified social responsibility and universal love through their compassionate and selfless acts."

據(jù)悉，目前中華骨髓庫(kù)入庫(kù)數(shù)據(jù)已達(dá)到360多萬(wàn)人份，成為世界第四大、亞洲第一大骨髓庫(kù)，累計(jì)捐獻(xiàn)造血干細(xì)胞突破了2萬(wàn)例，其中，向國(guó)（境）外捐獻(xiàn)超過(guò)400例。

The organization said more than 3.6 million people are now listed in China's registry for potential stem cell donors, making it the largest in Asia and the fourth largest in the world.

The number of unrelated stem cell transplantations nationwide exceeded 10,000 in September 2020 and has now surpassed 20,000, including 400 for patients from overseas.

岳陽(yáng)市紅十字會(huì)工作人員徐嫻慧說(shuō)，她碰到對(duì)造血干細(xì)胞捐獻(xiàn)最常見(jiàn)的誤解之一是需要從背部脊柱中提取骨髓。

Xu Xianhui, a Red Cross worker in Yueyang, said one of the most common misconceptions is that the process involves extracting bone marrow from the spine.

“實(shí)際上，我們會(huì)提前幾天注射動(dòng)員劑，然后通過(guò)手臂上的靜脈從外周血中采集干細(xì)胞。這完全是安全的。” 她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，紅會(huì)也會(huì)在手術(shù)前后為捐獻(xiàn)者提供健康檢查。

"In reality, the procedure typically involves injecting mobilizing agents a few days beforehand and then collecting stem cells from peripheral blood through a vein in the arm," she said. "It is completely safe."

She added that the local Red Cross provides donors with health checkups before and after the procedure.

據(jù)中華骨髓庫(kù)的介紹，捐獻(xiàn)造血干細(xì)胞由外周血進(jìn)行采集，形式類(lèi)似于無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血的機(jī)采血小板。動(dòng)員劑可以加速骨髓造血干細(xì)胞的生成并釋放到外周血中，以滿(mǎn)足移植需要。據(jù)多年的臨床觀察和國(guó)際報(bào)道，藥物動(dòng)員劑對(duì)人體健康沒(méi)有長(zhǎng)期或嚴(yán)重的副作用，僅在注射之后，因?yàn)榇碳す撬柙煅a(chǎn)生類(lèi)似輕微感冒的癥狀，如低熱、肌肉骨骼酸痛等，在停藥之后很快消失。總之，捐獻(xiàn)造血干細(xì)胞和無(wú)償獻(xiàn)血一樣安全、科學(xué)、無(wú)損健康。

岳陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院血液科主任孫華說(shuō)，符合條件的捐獻(xiàn)者年齡必須在18至45歲之間，并符合基本的健康標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Sun Hua, chief of the hematology department at Yueyang Central Hospital, said eligible donors must be age 18 to 45 and meet basic health criteria.

“外周血的捐獻(xiàn)量一般是200毫升左右，我們平時(shí)獻(xiàn)血的話(huà)是400毫升左右。而且干細(xì)胞它是可以再生的，所以捐獻(xiàn)干細(xì)胞對(duì)身體健康是沒(méi)有影響的。”

"A typical stem cell collection requires only 200 milliliters of peripheral blood per session — compared to 400 milliliters for a standard blood donation," Sun said. "Also, the body naturally regenerates these cells, making the procedure very safe."

造血干細(xì)胞移植是治療和挽救血液病患者生命的重要手段。湖南省人民醫(yī)院細(xì)胞移植科主任劉燦說(shuō)，盡管現(xiàn)在有很多新療法，但對(duì)于急性白血病和嚴(yán)重再生障礙性貧血等疾病，干細(xì)胞移植仍然是不可替代的。

Stem cell transplantation is a critical tool in treating and saving the lives of blood disease patients. Liu Can, director of the cellular transplantation department at Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, said that despite advances in new therapies, stem cell transplantation remains irreplaceable for conditions such as acute leukemia and severe aplastic anemia.

劉燦說(shuō)： “在我們醫(yī)院，干細(xì)胞移植接受者的五年生存率有80%以上，很多患有地中海貧血的兒童患者接受移植后實(shí)現(xiàn)了無(wú)病生存。”

"At our hospital, stem cell recipients achieve a five-year survival rate of about 80 percent, and many child patients with thalassemia have achieved clinical remission thanks to the procedure," she said.

今年，王俊濤即將大學(xué)畢業(yè)。 “如果說(shuō)大學(xué)生活是一場(chǎng)豐富的課程，那么捐獻(xiàn)造血干細(xì)胞無(wú)疑是我大學(xué)四年最特別、最有意義的‘選修課’。”

“當(dāng)看到許許多多工作人員，為救助他人默默付出、不懈努力，而我有幸成為這個(gè)愛(ài)心鏈條中的一環(huán)時(shí)，我感到無(wú)比自豪。” 他說(shuō)。

記者：王小予

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