在西藏自治區(qū)山南市加查縣扎西定崗村蜿蜒的山路上，長江大學(xué)西藏高原核桃產(chǎn)業(yè)研究所劉利平博士穿著迷彩外套、牛仔褲，麻利地從上衣上取下標(biāo)簽，細(xì)心貼在剛嫁接的核桃樹枝上。

　　劉利平說，2020年初次進(jìn)藏時，她震驚于加查縣隨處可見的核桃古樹——3657棵千年核桃構(gòu)成了青藏高原特有的核桃古樹群。加查縣的核桃種植歷史已逾千年，但長期以來，村民們守著寶貴的核桃古樹資源，卻缺乏科學(xué)的栽培管理和先進(jìn)的生產(chǎn)技術(shù)支持。

　　“以前我們不會種，巴掌大的地方種了上百棵，人都走不進(jìn)去，種出來的核桃樹又瘦又小，賣不出去。”扎西定崗村黨支部書記其律告訴記者，“核桃林的生態(tài)價值也發(fā)揮不出來，當(dāng)時沿江也是一片荒灘，大風(fēng)一來路都看不清。”

　　2021年3月，湖北省“十四五”科技援藏項(xiàng)目啟動，劉利平跟隨團(tuán)隊奔赴高原，全身心投入到當(dāng)?shù)亓挤N選育、繁育以及栽培管理等工作之中。

　　劉利平將調(diào)研開展在田間地頭，常年穿梭在加查有核桃分布的27個行政村。“一開始我們沒少吃‘閉門羹’，老百姓不理解我們工作的意義，對我們?nèi)宕蔚摹情T打擾’很反感。”劉利平回憶，當(dāng)時她工作包里除了采集數(shù)據(jù)的工具，總是裝著給村民孩子的糖果，借此拉近與村民的距離。

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隨著時間的推移，劉利平的堅持和真心讓村民轉(zhuǎn)變了態(tài)度。崗巴村村民貴桑家就有一棵核桃古樹。“原本不知道劉博士是來做什么的，現(xiàn)在特別歡迎她來看樹。她教我嫁接和栽培管理，嫁接的果子特別好，產(chǎn)得還多！”貴桑說。

　　截至目前，加查縣核桃種植規(guī)模已達(dá)4.5萬畝52萬余株，年產(chǎn)核桃1200噸，產(chǎn)值達(dá)8000余萬元；已成功篩選6株核桃優(yōu)良單株，建成1000余畝優(yōu)質(zhì)核桃栽培示范基地。“十四五”期間，當(dāng)?shù)匮亟鷳B(tài)走廊種植項(xiàng)目種植核桃10余萬株，既固土防沙，又為當(dāng)?shù)厝罕妿硎找妫瑢?shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)效益與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益雙贏。

　　“95后”基層干部張榮層自2022年扎根加查。據(jù)他介紹，村民參與嫁接技術(shù)培訓(xùn)超過500人次，其中不乏傳統(tǒng)種植戶。如今，雅魯藏布江沿岸連綿的生態(tài)核桃林與江水相映成趣。

　　加查的核桃苗除了供應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐木G化造林和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，還被運(yùn)用到拉薩南北山綠化工程中。拉薩南北山綠化工程作為西藏規(guī)模化山體造林的重大生態(tài)修復(fù)工程，自2022年以來，累計完成營造林近70萬畝，造林整體成活率在85%左右。

　　“95后”闞思蒙是2024年“南北山綠化先進(jìn)個人”，2023年初他擔(dān)任克日村1號片區(qū)現(xiàn)場負(fù)責(zé)人，片區(qū)海拔超3700米，造林面積達(dá)3169.8畝。

　　“什么樣的樹能在海拔3700米至4100米扎根？”在尋找苗源的過程中，闞思蒙輾轉(zhuǎn)200公里來到加查，找到了適合在高海拔片區(qū)種植的綠化核桃苗木。

　　“這些苗木不僅成活率高，其發(fā)達(dá)的根系還能有效固持土壤，防止水土流失。”闞思蒙說。核桃樹正在拉薩南北山上茁壯成長，構(gòu)筑起綠色生態(tài)屏障。

　　從傳統(tǒng)種植到生態(tài)經(jīng)營，從單一種植到系統(tǒng)修復(fù)，一批批年輕人扎根于此，為高原生態(tài)貢獻(xiàn)綠色“發(fā)展樣本”。