客家土樓是一種具有獨特防御與聚居功能的傳統民居建筑,主要分布在中國福建省西南部山區。它最早出現于宋元時期,17—20 世紀達到鼎盛。土樓以夯土筑墻、圓形或方形布局聞名,其外墻厚實高聳,內院層層環繞,體現了客家人“團結守望、兼容并蓄”的精神。代表性建筑如永定縣的承啟樓和南靖縣的田螺坑土樓群,已被列入世界文化遺產名錄。如今,客家土樓不僅是研究客家文化的珍貴實物,更吸引國內外游客,成為鄉村振興的文化名片。
參考翻譯
Hakka tulou, a form of traditional communal dwelling renowned for its defensive and residential functions, is mainly found in the mountainous southwest of Fujian Province. Emerging in the Song–Yuan era and flourishing from the 17th to the 20th century, tulou are distinguished by rammed?earth walls and circular or rectangular layouts. Their thick, towering exteriors and concentric interior rings embody the Hakka spirit of solidarity and inclusiveness. Iconic structures—such as Chengqi Building in Yongding and the Tianluokeng Cluster in Nanjing—are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Today, tulou serve as invaluable artifacts for studying Hakka culture and draw visitors worldwide, becoming a cultural emblem in China’s rural revitalization.
重點詞匯
詞匯
詞性
釋義
例句
Hakka
adj./n.
客家的;客家人
Hakka
communities built tulou for collective living.
tulou
n.
土樓
The circular tulou resembles a giant fortress.
rammed?earth
adj.
夯土的
Rammed?earth
walls keep interiors cool in summer.
concentric
adj.
同心的
The dwellings feature concentric corridors.
solidarity
n.
團結
Tulou architecture reflects communal solidarity .
World Heritage List
n.
世界遺產名錄
Several tulou are on the World Heritage List .
rural revitalization
n.
鄉村振興
Tulou tourism fuels local rural revitalization .
重點句型
be distinguished by …
土樓以厚實的夯土墻而著稱。
Tulou are distinguished by their thick rammed?earth walls.embody the spirit of …
它體現了客家人團結守望的精神。
They embody the spirit of Hakka solidarity.be inscribed on …
承啟樓被列入世界遺產名錄。
Chengqi Building is inscribed on the World Heritage List.serve as … for …
土樓是研究客家文化的珍貴實物。
Tulou serve as invaluable artifacts for studying Hakka culture.draw visitors worldwide
它吸引了來自世界各地的游客。
They draw visitors worldwide.
建筑術語:使用 rammed?earth, concentric 等專業詞匯,突出結構特點。
時間發展:通過 emerging in, flourishing from 描述歷史演變。
文化核心:強調土樓與客家精神、鄉村振興的聯系,增加人文深度。
世界視角:提及世界遺產地位,體現國際認可與保護價值。
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